地理標志公益訴訟保護途徑探析——以“白蕉海鱸”案為例

A Study on the Way to Protect Geographical Indication Public Interest Litigation —A Case Study of “BaiJiao Sea Bass”

社會科學進展 / 2024,6(6)：1417-1423 / 2025-01-10 93 72

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• 作者： 任少宇      邢蕾     
• 單位：

  上海政法學院法律學院，上海

• 關鍵詞： 地理標志權利；公益訴訟；保護路徑
• Right of geographical indication; Public interest litigation; Potection path
• 摘要： 地理標志作為一種新型知識產權客體，在我國經過幾十年的發展中形成了《商法法》體系下的證明商標、集體商標保護和《地理標志產品保護辦法》《農產品地理標志管理辦法》專門法保護的“三元保護”模式，這種保護模式造成了地理標志確權和保護制度設計扭曲，彼此缺乏配合支持、各機構管理過程中協調阻滯、地理標志權利保護困難等問題。公益訴訟作為解決“公地悲劇”的一種訴訟方式，在地理標志領域同樣適用。以檢察院提起或者支持其他主體提起訴訟方式介入地理標志的保護，可以較為迅速有效地解決地理標志保護中管理混亂、訴訟效率低下、維權困難的問題。以最高檢察院發布的典型案例——“白蕉海鱸”案為例，具體分析公益訴訟在地理標志保護中的積極作用和該模式的可行性，從實際案例來探求地理標志的保護路徑。
• As a new kind of intellectual property rights object, a “three-way protection” mode has been formed under the “Trademark Law” system, collective trademark protection and special law protection of “Measures for the protection of geographical indications products” and “Measures for the administration of geographical indications of agricultural products”. This protection mode has resulted in the distortion of the design of the “geographical indication” right confirmation and protection system, the lack of cooperation and support for each other, the coordination block in the management process of various institutions, and the difficulties in the protection of geographical indication rights. Public interest litigation, as a litigation method to solve the “tragedy of common land”, is also applicable in the field of geographical indications. To intervene in the protection of geographical indications by means of procuratorate filing or supporting other subjects to file lawsuits can quickly and effectively solve the problems of chaotic management, low litigation efficiency and difficulty in safeguarding rights in the protection of geographical indications. This paper takes the typical case of “BaiJiao sea bass” issued by the Supreme Procuratorate as an example, specifically analyzes the positive role of public interest litigation in the protection of geographical indications and the feasibility of this model, and explores the protection path of geographical indications with actual cases.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/pss.0606158
• 引用： 任少宇，邢蕾．地理標志公益訴訟保護途徑探析——以“白蕉海鱸”案為例［J］．社會科學進展，2024，6（6）：1417-1423.