煤礦防滅火技術(shù)研究新進(jìn)展

Summary of Coal Mine Fire Prevention and Extinguishing Technology

Environment and Resource / 2024,6(3)：11-24 / 2024-09-02 284 208

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• 作者： 邱文菁      白剛      田富超     
• 單位：

  遼寧工程技術(shù)大學(xué)安全科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院，葫蘆島

• 關(guān)鍵詞： 礦井火災(zāi)；防滅火技術(shù)；外因火災(zāi)；煤的自燃發(fā)火；研究進(jìn)展
• Mine fire; Fire prevention technology; Exogenous fire; Spontaneous combustion of coal; Research progress
• 摘要： 文章綜述了煤礦防滅火技術(shù)，重點(diǎn)分析了礦井火災(zāi)的分類、成因、危害以及防治技術(shù)。煤礦火災(zāi)根據(jù)起火原因主要分為內(nèi)因火災(zāi)和外因火災(zāi)兩大類，其中內(nèi)因火災(zāi)占比較高，通常由煤層自燃引起，也稱自燃火災(zāi)。文章詳細(xì)探討了煤自燃的機(jī)理、條件及影響因素，并介紹了煤自燃傾向性的測試方法。此外，綜合地整理了目前常用的防滅火技術(shù)，包括充填堵漏、均壓、注漿、惰性氣體、阻化劑、高分子材料、三相泡沫等，并討論了這些技術(shù)的滅火機(jī)理、優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)及適用條件。最后，強(qiáng)調(diào)了我國煤礦安全工作的嚴(yán)峻性和重要性，并指出了未來技術(shù)發(fā)展的方向。
• This paper summarizes the fire prevention and extinguishing technology in coal mine, mainly analyzes the classification, cause, harm and prevention technology of mine fire. Coal mine fire is mainly divided into two categories according to the cause of fire, internal fire and external fire, of which internal fire accounts for a relatively high proportion, usually caused by spontaneous combustion of coal seam, also known as spontaneous combustion fire. This paper discusses the mechanism, condition and influencing factors of coal spontaneous combustion in detail, and introduces the test method of coal spontaneous combustion tendency. Further, the paper systematically sorted out the common fire prevention technology, including filling and plugging, pressure equalization, grouting, inert gas, retarder, polymer material, three-phase foam, etc., and discussed the fire fighting mechanism, advantages and disadvantages and applicable conditions of these technologies. Finally, the paper emphasizes the seriousness and importance of China’s coal mine safety work, and points out the direction of future technology development.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/er.0603002
• 引用： 邱文菁，白剛，田富超．煤礦防滅火技術(shù)研究新進(jìn)展［J］．環(huán)境與資源，2024，6（3）：11-24．