區域生態補償創新模式研究： 碳預算賬戶構建與平衡

Research on Innovative Mode of Regional Ecological Compensation: Construction and Balance of Carbon Budget Account

Environment and Resource / 2022,4(2)：33-47 / 2022-07-06 389 595

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• 作者： 王文軍     
• 單位：

  深圳市云天統計科學研究所，深圳

• 關鍵詞： 碳平衡；碳賬戶；生態補償；廣東省
• Carbon balance; Carbon account; Ecological compensation; Guangdong Province
• 摘要： 構建區域之間的生態補償機制是推動區域協調發展的重要方式。本文以平均碳排放和碳吸收量為基礎構建區域生態補償的標準，建立區域碳預算賬戶和補償機制，通過碳賬戶的平衡實現區域間生態補償。以廣東為例進行案例分析，計算結果顯示：優化開發區和重點開發區呈碳赤字狀態，生態發展區呈碳盈余狀態。 優化開發區需支付的補償金額約為25 億元/ 年，重點開發區需支付的補償金額約為0.8 億元/ 年，生態發展區可獲得的補償金額約為1.1 億元/ 年。優化開發區和重點開發區的碳赤字遠遠大于生態發展區的碳盈余。建議在主體功能區之間采用基于碳平衡的生態補償方式：（1）政府主導的直接經濟補償；（2）建立碳數據共享平臺；（3）提供技術支持。
• Constructing the ecological compensation mechanism between regions is an important way to promote the coordinated development of regions. Based on the average carbon emission and carbon absorption, this paper design the standard of regional ecological compensation, establishes the regional carbon budget account and compensation mechanism, and realizes the interregional ecological compensation through the balance of carbon account. Taking Guangdong as an example, the calculation results show that: both of the optimized development zone and the key development zone are in carbon deficit, and the ecological development zone is in carbon surplus. The optimizing development zone should pay about 2.5 billion yuan/year, the key development zone should pay 80million yuan / year to the ecological development zones for carbon compensation. The carbon deficit of optimized development zones and key development zones is far greater than the carbon surplus of ecological development zones. It is suggested to adopt the ecological compensation mode based on carbon balance between the main functional areas: (1) direct economic compensation led by the government; (2) establish a carbon data sharing platform; (3) provide technical support.
• DOI： https://doi.org/10.35534/er.0402006
• 引用： 王文軍．區域生態補償創新模式研究：碳預算賬戶構建與平衡［J］．環境與資源，2022，4（2）：33-47．